National Agency of Ukraine for Efficient Use of Energy Resources ( NAER ), as well as most government agencies, in connection with the presidential decree is under reform. What changes should be expected in the work of the agency, what would be his top priorities, as well as the achievements of the past year and plans for 2011 said the head of the agency, Nikolai Pashkevich.
Key points:.
The decisive year in the development of solar energy in Ukraine will not 2011, and 2012, when we start producing their own solar cells on an industrial scale.
In order to meet the needs of Ukraine in the development of solar energy, a ' Quasar ' is not enough.
In 2011, plans to introduce three solar plant to 20 MW. These projects have already received an expert opinion, and on them were matching to adapt to the grid.
And now, in fact, most interviewed:.
- We have already spent a month in the stage of the reform in accordance with the decree of the President, and the creation of a new state agency for energy efficiency and conservation - it does not change sign, and the change of state approach to energy efficiency and conservation.
Whereas previously our efforts were more focused on control and monitoring functions, but now we must move from the control functions, control functions to promote and popularize the means and methods of energy conservation and energy efficiency in the broad masses of the public, from large enterprises to any consumer of energy in Ukraine.
- How and with what resources you plan to implement it?.
- First, the coverage of information in the media, so that the tasks set before us, ' evolved ' in all sectors of our lives - is the most important tool in promoting and promoting energy efficiency and conservation. In particular, we plan to use, including public service announcements.
The second tool - it is making available to consumers information about best practices in energy efficiency and conservation. First, we consider the possibilities of the Internet. We plan to completely change our site in order to make it more accessible and filled with.
I think the fact that these changes to this year, the funds allocated from the State budget in 2011, will be sufficient. In addition, we also hope to help the European Union in terms of training of the personnel of the liquidated inspection for energy conservation to new methods of work. In December 2010, at a meeting with representatives of the European Union reached a tentative agreement under which the EU has agreed to help us implement the first phase of training, and for the next meeting we will discuss in detail the terms and procedure for training new agency.
Of course, you will have time to change the level of training of our staff, but I think in the second half of 2011 in Ukraine there will be qualified energoauditory.
- What other functions assigned to the new agency?.
- One of the main functions of the agency remains the development of renewable energy. And if this function is used to duplicate the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Ukraine, but now it will be completely assigned to the state agency.
During Ukraine's independence, we have accumulated quite a lot of experience - both positive and negative - in this issue. For example, in 2010, Ukraine completed wind energy program, operating since 1996. During this period in the country at public expense was built several wind farms, which are not shown greater efficiency. And now we are studying the experience of building this state, we use it in order to not get the same result in attracting investment funds.
- You will continue to build wind farms?.
- Yes, but at the expense of investment. Now the task of the state - is to create the right conditions to attract investment so that investors do not find this a stumbling block for the sale of electricity in the market.
The beginning has already been made - it is 'green' tariff. And then - an adaptation of our combined power to receive electricity from renewable energy sources, since ECO is designed for basic facilities and is not provided for receiving electric power from a more or less powerful sources of renewable energy.
In the Ukrainian power grid was not necessary to have additional spare capacity, as available cope with the imbalance of the frequency and did not lead to the collapse of the power system.
However, I believe that we are moving quite rapidly. For 1.5, we solve these problems. We construct the maps and coordinate schedules to adapt network capacity and Energy Systems.
- Are you saying that the agency should be 1.5 years to adapt the grid to receive power from renewable sources?.
- For less than a year. Work on this issue, we started in June 2010.
In addition, the Agency, together with environmental, historical agencies, geologists and Energy Ministry is also working to develop a road map for renewable energy. On the map are marked zones and location of deposits of natural resources, as well as identify the most suitable location of the zone of renewable depending on the capacity of local. As a result, renewable sources should be covered the whole territory of Ukraine, not only to provide the desired amount of electricity, but also to maintain balance of the electric component.
With this roadmap, we will be able to respond quickly to requests from investors. We still do not refuse to accept the investor, but consideration of each case at the present time is quite a long time. While we do not have ready-made solutions.
- 2011, some experts have called the determining factor in the development of solar energy in Ukraine. On what basis these conclusions?.
- In Ukraine, 2-3 years ago there were a number of investment projects aimed at reconstruction of the whole industry, from production to production of silicon solar cells. In particular, began the reconstruction of the Zaporozhye plant of semiconductors, which are now a great investment. Following the industry be left to stand too long, and the production of solar cells themselves.
Work on these issues, as investors who have already registered, these projects and carry them out, and academic institutes of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. However, in my opinion, the decisive year in the development of solar energy in Ukraine will not 2011, and 2012, when we start producing their own solar cells on an industrial scale.
- Do you mean that Ukraine will be built large factories for the production of solar cells?.
- We have one such plant - ' Quasar ' in Kiev, but in order to meet the needs of Ukraine in the development of solar energy, this will be enough. As far as we can attract investment in this industry is so fast it will grow.
- What specific projects on renewable sources, which were implemented in 2010 and prepare for implementation in 2011?.
- In 2010 one of the major projects include the introduction into service first geliostantsii in the Crimea, 8 MW. In 2011, plans to introduce three solar plant to 20 MW. These projects have already received an expert opinion, and on them were matching to adapt to the grid. Also, in 2011 to begin construction of a wind farm ' Mangush ' on the Azov Sea coast for 100 MW. Of course, this is all due to the private investor.
I stress again: the state will no longer invest budget funds, as was the case with wind energy development program in Ukraine from 1996 to 2010. With public funds, we are unable to change the system. The main task of the state - the creation of favorable conditions for investors. To change the system, part of the public money we spent on pilot projects in which we would like to attract investors, not more. We understand that due to the budget situation changed radically in terms of energy consumption can not be.
- In 2010, funding for energy efficiency programs totaled 910 million USD, in which projects were implemented, these tools?.
- In 2010 the implementation of energy efficiency programs from a special fund budget has been allocated 500 million USD, of which 37% spent. In particular, the financing of construction and reconstruction of electric networks and substations pristantsionnyh nodes to attach objects that produce electricity from renewable energy sources in the Crimea and Odessa region, carried out by operational data, 98.2% ( 150 million USD spent 147.3 .
The project is the introduction of technologies, including the use of heat pumps, electric heating teploakkumulyatsionnogo and hot water in the enterprises of communal property, and public institutions, financed at 11.7% (from 210.5 million USD were spent on operational data, 24.6 million USD ).
To carry out rehabilitation of buildings of central bodies of executive power in 2010 spent 9.3% of the plan - 13 million UAH of budget funds.
There were sold about 2930 energy-saving measures, according to which in 2011 anticipated savings of approximately 4.6 million tons of fuel.
- In connection with this program funded only by 37 %?.
- Budgeting processes are very complex. Recall that the 2010 budget was adopted very late, and as long as the orders have been developed and implemented the use of tender procedures, had to return a portion of the budget.
In the 2011 budget is adopted on time, but due to the fact that we are at the stage of reform, I think again, the transition will be tightened at least five months. We are not afraid, we know that we need to do, we are preparing a competitive selection procedure, and I think that the budget this year, we will perform at 100%.
- What is the sum of the financing of energy efficiency built into the budget in 2011?.
- In 2011 State Budget will be allocated 600 million USD. And, in addition, we rely on funds from EU support. EU funds - 310 million UAH - we were expecting back in 2010, but due to the fact that a decision on the allocation of this sum was taken quite late, they have not received.
In particular, the sanitation of the buildings of central bodies of executive power in the budget for 2011, we plan to spend 60 million UAH against 139 million USD in 2010.
On the introduction of technologies using heat pumps, electric heating and hot teploakkumulyatornogo water companies and municipal ownership of budgetary institutions - 130 million UAH against USD 210.5 million last year.
On the introduction of cogeneration technologies in municipal energy sector in 2011, we made 30 million UAH. These technologies, we plan to be selected on a competitive basis. This is a new project that we developed in 2010.
For these projects on a UAH of state funds we expect to attract about 4 USD investment.
For construction and reconstruction of electrical networks, substations pristantsionnyh nodes and to connect the objects that produce electricity from renewable energy sources in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Odessa region, in 2011 envisage 317.0 million UAH against 150 million USD in 2010. In this case, a USD investment from the state budget, we expect no less than 10 USD of investment funds.
Modernization of public utilities, including the translation of boilers serving social infrastructure, renewable energy plan to finance USD 60.1 million.
- When do you think consumers will be able to feel the effect of the introduction of energy from alternative and renewable sources on tariffs?.
- Tangible results from the introduction of renewable energy consumers will feel no earlier than 2030, when the share of these energy sources will be at least 20% in the total energy of the country and in Ukraine when the expiry date of the law on ' green ' tariff, t. e. when these objects will be issued at the cost of electricity.
Science confirms that the reduction of costly parts and lack of fuel component in 2030 will necessarily lead to the fact that the electricity will be cheaper than traditional. Prior to this experience the impact of the gradual growing of renewable energy in overall energy system is very difficult to. Renewable energy sources are, first and foremost, to replace outdated technology.
But if we expect that these older technologies will not rise in price, we are deeply mistaken. If we do not supplanted gas, oil and coal from the turnover of our thermal units, then tomorrow we get such a hit rate that the ' green ' will pray.
Although in the first period of development of renewable energy, according to the calculations of our academic institutions, may still be a general increase in electricity tariff. But it should be understood that the price does not exceed the price of the worst of the traditional power.
In general, the calculations show that in the long term, and ' green' tariff is sent, it receives energy sources that will be much cheaper than traditional. Today, we see that the movement of the traditional path leads to a gradual increase in tariffs is not dependent on consumption.
Thus, according to the National Report on the development of energy efficiency, energy consumption in industry in volume terms from 2004 to 2008 was about 50 billion kilowatt-hours annually, and in 2009 - about 26 billion kilowatt-hours. At the same time, payments for electricity have grown almost in 2 times - from 6 to 17 billion USD, which, respectively, said the growth rate it. And it is in Ukraine has not earned the full force of law ' green ' tariff. If we do not reform our firm, a huge energy system, we just wound itself into a dead end.
Sukhanov, Oksana, Kiev. January 21, 2011.
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